Dravid batted nearly the entire first day to finish at unbeaten 177, while Dhoni made a splendid 110 before he was out three overs before stumps. The elegant right-handed Dravid, also known as Wall for his temperament, completed 11,000 runs in test matches and hit 26 boundaries and a straight six in yet another 251-ball knock. It was a remarkable turnaround by Dravid and Dhoni after paceman Chanaka Welegedara's triple strike had left the home team reeling at 32-4 inside the first hour. Dravid featured in two productive partnerships which gave India an early initiative in the three-test series. He added 224 runs for the sixth wicket with Dhoni before Dhamika Prasad had the India skipper caught behind just before close. Dhoni hit 10 boundaries and a six in his first test century at home and faced 159 deliveries. Dravid first resurrected the innings with a 125-run stand with Yuvraj Singh (68), and then featured in a double-century stand with his captain. Earlier, Welegedara caused major concerns for the hosts with his opening burst of three wickets, including Sachin Tendulkar for four, after Dhoni won the toss and elected to bat. The 28-year-old swing bowler clean bowled Gautam Gambhir with the total at 14 and then had two wickets in the sixth over. He had Virender Sehwag (16) leg before wicket with a ball that pitched on middle stump and then bowled Tendulkar (4) between bat and pad. Tendulkar, celebrating his 20th anniversary in test cricket, lasted only three deliveries. Prasad had V.V. S. Laxman bowled without scoring in the seventh over to have India reeling at 32 for four. That brought Yuvraj and Dravid together and both batsmen attacked the Sri Lankan bowlers. The gamble paid off as they struck some delightful boundaries on both sides of the wicket in a powerful partnership and kept the scoring rate well over four runs an over. Muttiah Muralitharan finally broke the threatening stand when he lured Yuvraj with a slow flighted delivery and offered a tame catch to Tillakaratne Dilshan in the covers. Yuvraj hit 13 boundaries in his 93-ball innings before his concentration lapse. Dravid, ignored for the one-day series against Australia, pumped his fist in the air when he completed his 27th test century with a single off left-arm spinner Rangana Herath soon after tea. Dhoni raised his hundred when he came down the wicket to Herath's flighted delivery and drove past the fielder at covers for his ninth boundary of the innings. Welegedara, playing only his second test match and first in almost two years, was the pick of Sri Lankan bowlers with 3-75. India left out paceman Shanthakumaran Sreesanth and will rely on Zaheer Khan to lead the attack on his comeback from injury. Sri Lanka left spinner Ajantha Mendis out of its starting XI.
India's Ministry of New and Renewable Energy is expected to release details of the latest solar-power policy in the next several weeks. Dr. B. Bhargava, a director in the agency, said the plans will increase significantly the number of solar projects that can receive government support. The hope, Mr. Bhargava said, is that the new policy will encourage manufacturers of solar panels such as Moser Baer India Ltd. and Tata BP Solar India Ltd. to ramp up production, thereby reducing per-unit costs and driving down the high price of solar power. It is currently about five times more expensive to generate solar power than oil-based power. If the costs aren't reduced, this subsidy policy can't be sustained on a long-term basis, Mr. Bhargava said. India's revision of its solar policies comes ahead of a global climate-change conference at Copenhagen in December. The differences between developed and developing countries are part of the reason world leaders have lowered expectations for what's possible in Copenhagen, saying the purpose will be to set a political roadmap for further negotiations to replace the Kyoto Protocol, which expires in 2012. Developing countries such as India are under pressure to show greater commitments to controlling greenhouse-gas emissions. Climate change will be among the issues on the agenda when Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh visits the White House next week. India currently generates a tiny fraction of its power from solar energy. Coal accounts for more than half of the country's power capacity, and wind makes the biggest contribution among renewable sources, which together provide about 7.5% of India's energy.
Solar power is promising, because sunlight is abundant everywhere, unlike wind and hydro power, which are better for only some regions. The government's new policy is aimed at increasing solar-power generation to 20,000 megawatts by 2020 from three megawatts. The potential is infinite with solar, Mr. Bhargava said. India's existing policy supports a modest amount of solar-power capacity 50 megawatts with subsidies of up to 25 cents per kilowatt hour. Mr. Bhargava said that program is already fully subscribed and will be expanded substantially through the new policy, though he declined to offer specifics. He said the new guidelines also will streamline the process for solar-power developers to collect subsidies and payments from state utilities. The major challenge for scaling up solar power has been providing the start-up capital to create demand. Many state electricity boards which purchase power from generating companies and sell it to consumers are in shaky financial positions. But Mr. Bhargava said the central government will take on most of the costs of the solar program in the early going. Initially, we'll have no choice but to do that for a few years, he said. Beyond expanding solar power, India has pledged in a national action plan on climate change to pursue a range of other measures, from increased fuel-efficiency in automobiles to more-efficient consumer appliances. The U.S. and other developed countries have sought to persuade India to accept mandatory curbs on greenhouse-gas emissions. Developing countries can't say this isn't my problem because most of the increase in carbon emissions in the future will be from developing countries, said U.S. Secretary of Energy Steven Chu, who was in India last week to meet with government officials. But India has resisted, arguing that its per-capita emissions are still well below those of developed countries. Indian officials and corporate executives say they don't want to put the brakes on economic growth and make it harder to provide electricity to 400 millions Indians who aren't on the national grid. Mr. Chu said India and the U.S. are exploring ways to combine efforts on basic research into new green technologies. He said India could be severely affected by receding glaciers and changing weather patterns if climate change isn't addressed urgently in coming years. He added that India will have no choice but to look beyond coal to alternative-energy sources as its population swells. India already faces a shortfall of power with capacity about 12% below demand during peak hours and demand is expected to increase five-fold by 2030, according to a recent McKinsey & Co. report.
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